Cherenkov probes and runaway electrons diagnostics

Runaway electrons and ITER

The potential for damage, the magnitude of the extrapolation, and the importance of the atypical—incidents that occur once in a thousand shots—make theory and simulation essential for ensuring that relativistic runaway electrons will not prevent ITER from achieving its mission. Most of the theoretical literature on electron runaway assumes magnetic surfaces exist. ITER planning for the avoidanc...

Synchrotron Radiation from Runaway Electrons in Plasmas

Highly relativistic runaway electrons are of great concern in the area of fusion energy research, since their presence in tokamak plasmas have the potential to hinder the successful and stable operation of the device, and potentially cause severe structural damage. In this thesis, runaway electron generation dynamics is investigated using the newly developed efficient computational tool CODE. A...

Energetics of runaway electrons during tokamak disruptions

In a tokamak disruption, a substantial fraction of the plasma current can be converted into runaway electrons. Although these are usually highly relativistic, their total energy is initially much smaller than that of the pre-disruption plasma. However, following a suggestion by Putvinski et al. [Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 39, B157 (1997)], it is shown that as the post-disruption plasma drifts...

Positron creation and annihilation in tokamak plasmas with runaway electrons.

It is shown that electron-positron pair production is expected to occur in post-disruption plasmas in large tokamaks, including JET and JT-60U, where up to about 10(14) positrons may be created in collisions between multi-MeV runaway electrons and thermal particles. If the loop voltage is large enough, they are accelerated and form a beam of long-lived runaway positrons in the direction opposit...

Production of runaway electrons by negative streamer discharges